Kodi minda ya nkhuku imagwira ntchito bwanji ndi ndowe za nkhuku?

Manyowa a nkhukundi feteleza wabwino wachilengedwe, koma chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa feteleza wa mankhwala, alimi ochepa adzagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe.

Pamene kuchuluka kwa nkhuku m'mafamu ake kuli kwakukulu, anthu ochepa omwe amafunikira ndowe za nkhuku, manyowa a nkhuku akuchulukirachulukira, kusintha ndi kukula kwa ndowe za nkhuku, manyowa a nkhuku tsopano anganenedwe kuti ndi vuto lalikulu kwa mafamu onse a nkhuku.

Ngakhale kuti ndowe ya nkhuku ndi feteleza wabwino kwambiri wachilengedwe, sungaikidwe mwachindunji popanda kuwiritsa. Manyowa a nkhuku akaikidwa mwachindunji m'nthaka, amawira mwachindunji m'nthaka, ndipo kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi yowiritsa kumakhudza mbewu. Kukula kwa mbande za zipatso kudzawotcha mizu ya mbewu, komwe kumatchedwa kuwotcha mizu.

 Kale, anthu ena ankagwiritsa ntchito ndowe za nkhuku ngati chakudya cha ng'ombe, nkhumba, ndi zina zotero, koma izi zinkachitikanso chifukwa cha zovuta zake. N'zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito pamlingo waukulu; ena ankagwiritsanso ntchito ndowe za nkhuku zouma, koma kuumitsa ndowe za nkhuku kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri, ndipo si njira yopititsira patsogolo chitukuko chokhazikika.

Pambuyo pa machitidwe a anthu a nthawi yayitali,kuyaka manyowa a nkhukuikadali njira yotheka. Kuphika ndowe za nkhuku kumagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kuphika kwachikhalidwe ndi kuphika mwachangu kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

1. Kuphika kwachikhalidwe

Kuphika kwachikhalidwe kumatenga nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri mwezi umodzi mpaka itatu. Kuphatikiza apo, fungo lozungulira silili labwino, udzudzu ndi ntchentche zimaswana kwambiri, ndipo kuipitsa chilengedwe n'koopsa kwambiri.

Manyowa a nkhuku akanyowa, amafunika kuwonjezeredwa, ndipo pamafunika ntchito yambiri.

Mu njira yophikira, ndi njira yakale kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito makina ophikira kuti mutembenuze rake.

 Ngakhale kuti ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuwiritsa kwachikhalidwe ndi zochepa, mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito kuwiritsa kwachikhalidwe pokonza tani imodzi ya ndowe za nkhuku ndi wokwera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ndalama zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano, ndipo kuwiritsa kwachikhalidwe kudzathetsedwa mtsogolo.

 2. Kuphika mwachangu kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Kuphika mofulumira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumawononga zinthu zovuta zachilengedwe kukhala zinthu zosavuta zachilengedwe, komanso kumawononga zinthu zachilengedwe kukhala zinthu zovuta zachilengedwe. Ndi kuwonongeka kosalekeza ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe mpaka zitasungunuka kukhala feteleza wachilengedwe womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi nthaka.

Kuchuluka kwa mchere m'zinthu zachilengedwe kumapereka michere kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kumapanga mpweya wochuluka wa carbon dioxide, madzi ndi michere ina, kumafulumizitsa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu, komanso kutulutsa kutentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, liwiro la kuwira limakhala lachangu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, zimatenga pafupifupi sabata imodzi yokha kusintha kuchoka ku ndowe ya nkhuku kupita ku feteleza wachilengedwe.

 Mfundo yoti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizitha kugwira ntchito mwachangu ndi iyi: biomass imaberekana mofulumira ndipo imawola mofulumira pa kutentha koyenera komanso pamalo oyenera. Nthawi zambiri pa madigiri 45 mpaka 70, kagayidwe ka mabakiteriya kamakhala kofulumira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, imapha mabakiteriya ndi zinthu zoopsa m'ndowe.

Mu malo ang'onoang'ono otsekedwa, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingapitirize kuwira, ndipo ndowe za nkhuku zimatha kusinthidwa mwachangu kukhala feteleza wachilengedwe pokhapokha ngati njira zodyetsera, kupanga ndi kutulutsa zinthu zikuyenda bwino.

Manyowa a nkhuku omwe amathiridwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwachangu alibe fungo, ndipo madzi ake ndi pafupifupi 30% yokha.

Komanso, kuwiritsa mofulumira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumatha kuchiza mpweya woipa kenako n’kuutulutsa, ndipo palibe chifukwa choipitsa chilengedwe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowiritsa mwachangu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kungathandize kuti malo oberekera azigwira bwino ntchito komanso kuti ntchito yobereka ikhale yothandiza. Manyowa ouma a nkhuku omwe amapangidwa ndi feteleza wabwino kwambiri wa zakudya zobiriwira komanso zinthu zachilengedwe.