Kodi mavitamini amagwira ntchito yotani pa ulimi wa nkhuku zoyamwitsa?

Udindo wa mavitamini mukulera nkhuku.

Mavitamini ndi gulu lapadera la mankhwala achilengedwe otsika mamolekyulu ofunikira kuti nkhuku zisunge moyo, kukula ndi chitukuko, magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a thupi komanso kagayidwe kachakudya.
Nkhuku sizimafunikira mavitamini ambiri, koma zimathandiza kwambiri pa kagayidwe ka thupi la nkhuku.
Pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ochepa m'mimba mwa nkhuku, ndipo mavitamini ambiri sangapangidwe m'thupi, kotero sangathe kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo ndipo ayenera kutengedwa kuchokera ku chakudya.

Ngati ilibe mphamvu, imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe ka zinthu, kusakula bwino komanso matenda osiyanasiyana, komanso imfa m'mavuto akulu. Obereketsa anapiye ndi anapiye aang'ono amafunikira mavitamini ochulukirapo. Nthawi zina mazira a nkhuku samakhala otsika, koma kuchuluka kwa umuna ndi kubereka sikokwera, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mavitamini ena.

1.Mavitamini osungunuka mafuta

1-1. Vitamini A (vitamini yolimbikitsa kukula)

Imatha kusunga maso abwinobwino, kuteteza ntchito yabwinobwino ya maselo a epithelial ndi minofu ya mitsempha, kulimbikitsa kukula ndi chitukuko cha nkhuku, kuwonjezera chilakolako cha chakudya, kulimbikitsa kugaya chakudya, komanso kulimbikitsa kukana matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kusowa kwa vitamini A mu chakudya kumabweretsa khungu usiku mwa nkhuku, kukula pang'onopang'ono, kuchepa kwa kupanga mazira, kuchepa kwa feteleza, kuchepa kwa kuswana, kuchepa kwa kukana matenda, komanso kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngati pali vitamini A wochuluka mu chakudya, kutanthauza kuti, mayunitsi opitilira 10,000 apadziko lonse lapansi / kg, izi zidzawonjezera kufa kwa mazira m'nthawi yoyambirira yoberekera. Vitamini A ili ndi mafuta ambiri a chiwindi cha cod, ndipo kaloti ndi udzu wa alfalfa uli ndi carotene yambiri.

1-2. Vitamini D

Zimakhudzana ndi kagayidwe ka calcium ndi phosphorous m'thupi la mbalame, zimathandiza kuti calcium ndi phosphorous zilowe m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, zimathandiza kuti calcium ndi phosphorous zitulutsidwe m'thupi la impso, komanso zimathandiza kuti mafupa azikhala bwino.
Nkhuku ikasowa vitamini D, kagayidwe ka michere m'thupi kamasokonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafupa ake asakule bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafupa ake azikula bwino, milomo yofewa komanso yopindika, mapazi ndi sternum, zipolopolo za mazira zopyapyala kapena zofewa, kuchepa kwa kupanga mazira ndi kuswana, kukula kofooka, nthenga zofooka, miyendo yofooka.
Komabe, kuchuluka kwa vitamini D kungayambitse matenda a nkhuku. Vitamini D yomwe yatchulidwa pano ikutanthauza vitamini D3, chifukwa nkhuku ili ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito vitamini D3, ndipo mafuta a chiwindi cha cod ali ndi D3 yochulukirapo.

1-3. Vitamini E

Zimakhudzana ndi kagayidwe ka ma nucleic acid ndi redox ya ma enzyme, zimasunga ntchito yonse ya nembanemba ya maselo, ndipo zimatha kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kulimbitsa kukana kwa nkhuku ku matenda, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yolimbana ndi kupsinjika.
Kusowa kwa vitamini E m'mazira a nkhuku kumadwala matenda a encephalomalacia, omwe amayambitsa mavuto obereka, kupanga mazira ochepa komanso kuswana. Kuwonjezera vitamini E ku chakudya kungathandize kuti mazira aziswana bwino, kukulitsa kukula ndi chitukuko, komanso kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Vitamini E imapezeka kwambiri mu chakudya chobiriwira, mbewu za tirigu ndi yolk ya dzira.

1-4. Vitamini K

Ndi chinthu chofunikira kuti nkhuku zisunge magazi oundana bwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa ndikuchiza matenda otuluka magazi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa vitamini K. Kusowa kwa vitamini K m'nkhuku kumayambitsa matenda otuluka magazi, nthawi yayitali yotseka magazi, komanso kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi, zomwe zingayambitse kutuluka magazi kwambiri. Ngati kuchuluka kwa vitamini K kopangidwa kupitirira nthawi 1,000 kuposa momwe kumafunikira, poizoni amadza, ndipo vitamini K imakhala yochuluka mu chakudya chobiriwira ndi soya.

2. mavitamini osungunuka m'madzi

2-1. Vitamini B1 (thiamine)

Izi zimagwirizana ndi kusunga kagayidwe ka chakudya m'thupi ndi ntchito ya mitsempha ya nkhuku, ndipo zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi njira yabwino yogayira chakudya. Pamene chakudyacho chikusowa, nkhuku zimasonyeza kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kufooka kwa minofu, kuchepa thupi, kusagaya bwino chakudya ndi zina zotero. Kusowa kwambiri kwa chakudya kumawonekera ngati polyneuritis yokhala ndi mutu wopendekeka kumbuyo. Thiamine imapezeka kwambiri mu chakudya chobiriwira ndi udzu.

2-2. Vitamini B2 (riboflavin)

Imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu redox m'thupi, imayang'anira kupuma kwa maselo, komanso imatenga nawo mbali mu kagayidwe ka mphamvu ndi mapuloteni. Ngati palibe riboflavin, anapiye amakula bwino, ali ndi miyendo yofewa, zala zopindika mkati, komanso thupi laling'ono. Riboflavin ili ndi chakudya chobiriwira, udzu, yisiti, ufa wa nsomba, chimanga ndi tirigu.

2-3. Vitamini B3 (asidi wa pantothenic)

Izi zimagwirizana ndi chakudya cham'thupi, mapuloteni ndi mafuta, matenda a khungu akasowa, nthenga zokwawa, kukula movutikira, mafupa afupiafupi komanso okhuthala, kuchepa kwa moyo, mtima ndi chiwindi chachikulu, kuchepa kwa minofu, kuchuluka kwa mafupa a bondo, ndi zina zotero. Pantothenic acid ndi yosakhazikika ndipo imawonongeka mosavuta ikasakanizidwa ndi chakudya, kotero mchere wa calcium nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonjezera. Pantothenic acid ndi wochuluka mu yisiti, chinangwa ndi tirigu.

2-4. Vitamini pp (niacin)

Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la ma enzyme, omwe amasinthidwa kukhala nicotinamide m'thupi, amagwira ntchito mu redox reaction m'thupi, ndipo amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusunga ntchito yabwinobwino ya khungu ndi ziwalo zogaya chakudya. Kufunika kwa anapiye n'kwambiri, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kukula pang'onopang'ono, nthenga zosalimba ndi kutayika kwa madzi, mafupa opindika a miyendo, komanso kuchepa kwa moyo; kusowa kwa nkhuku zazikulu, kuchuluka kwa mazira, kuchuluka kwa chipolopolo cha dzira, kuchuluka kwa ma dzira, kuchuluka kwa ma dzira onse kumachepa. Komabe, niacin wochuluka mu chakudya angayambitse kufa kwa mwana wosabadwayo komanso kuchepa kwa ma dzira. Niacin ili ndi yisiti, nyemba, chimanga, zinthu zobiriwira, ndi chakudya cha nsomba.